Collar of King Louis XIII of France (1601 - 1643)
Silver (cast, embossed and engraved), velvet, satin, gold and silver thread
France circa 1630
Musée de l’Armée / Invalides / Inv No. 1015 Je / G249 ROB
The collar was a military accessory originally intended to protect the neck and shoulders in light cavalry units. Its usage grew in France in the early 16th century, but in the 17th century the collar became more of an ornamental and symbolic item.
The original fabric padding consists of wadding covered with blue silk satin (now faded). The row of festoons on the border is made from a silk velvet braid embroidered with metallic thread and sequins. The fabric padding was restored in 2000.
The Mannerist decoration is dedicated to the glory of the King of France. On the front of the collar, the King receives homage from the four parts of the world (allegories of Europe, America, Africa and Asia). On the back, the King is depicted as a hero from Ancient times, defeating his enemy (Hercules, victorious). This decoration is a reminder of the military and diplomatic successes of the King of France in the first half of the 17th century.
This rare and magnificent piece is a remarkable indication of the craftsmanship of the time. The Army Museum has another example of a collar belonging to Louis XIII. It is made of brass with an embossed decoration.